Conjugation Services

High-performance labeling for antibodies, proteins, and peptides

At InnoCyto, we specialize in precision conjugation services that bring accuracy and consistency to your research assays. With advanced technologies and extensive experience in biomolecule modification, we deliver conjugates that meet the highest standards of purity, efficiency, and reproducibility.

Why Choose InnoCyto?

  • Flexible project scale – starting from just 0.5 mg of antibody or protein
  • Fast turnaround – standard 2 to 3-week lead time or 1-week rush option
  • High labeling efficiency with excellent yield and purity
  • Diverse conjugation chemistries with proven linker systems
  • Extensive expertise in antibody and protein modification
  • Reliable results from consistent, quality-controlled processes

Our Conjugation Capabilities

We offer custom conjugation of a wide range of labels to your biomolecule targets.

Conjugates Available

  • Fluorophores
  • Oligonucleotides
  • Biotin & Streptavidin
  • Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP)
  • Particle Beads
  • Dual Labels (Fluorophore + Oligonucleotide)

Compatible Targets

  • Antibodies
  • Proteins
  • Peptides

Explore Conjugation Categories

Dual Labeling - Fluorophore plus Oligonucleotide

Integrated Detection of Protein and Nucleic Acid Targets

Dual labeling involves conjugating both a fluorophore and an oligonucleotide to an antibody or protein. This dual-modality approach enables simultaneous visualization of protein expression and nucleic acid sequences, providing richer biological insights in a single experiment.

Design of Dual Labeling Conjugates

Our optimized workflow ensures precise and efficient dual conjugation with maintained biomolecule functionality:

Fluorophore Conjugation – Attachment of a fluorescent dye to the antibody or protein
Oligonucleotide Conjugation – Coupling of an oligonucleotide to the fluorophore-labeled antibody or directly to the antibody, per your design
Purification & Validation – Comprehensive purification and quality validation for signal accuracy and consistency

Custom Dual Labeling Services

We specialize in dual labeling conjugations designed to meet your unique experimental goals. Whether you need to detect proteins and RNA simultaneously, perform multiplexed assays, or conduct high-resolution imaging, our custom solutions deliver exceptional specificity and reproducibility.

Our capabilities include:

Dual conjugation of fluorophore + oligonucleotide to antibodies or proteins
Flexible linker chemistries for optimal signal and stability
Support for a variety of fluorescent dyes and oligonucleotide formats
Tailored conjugation strategies for complex assay requirements

Applications

Dual-labeled antibodies and proteins are powerful tools for advanced biological studies, including:

Immuno-FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) – Detect proteins and nucleic acids within the same sample

Cellular Imaging & Localization – Study protein and mRNA co-localization at subcellular resolution

Single-Cell Analysis – Identify cell-to-cell variability in gene and protein expression

Multiplexed Assays – Detect multiple targets simultaneously using distinct fluorophore–oligonucleotide pairs

Molecular Tissue Profiling – Analyze protein and RNA expression patterns in situ, valuable in oncology and disease research

In Situ PCR & Antibody Staining – Combine DNA amplification and protein detection for detailed molecular mapping

Fluorophore Conjugation

High-Performance Labeling for Accurate and Sensitive Detection

Fluorophore conjugation attaches fluorescent molecules to biomolecules such as antibodies, proteins, peptides, or nucleic acids—enabling precise labeling and visualization for fluorescence-based research applications.

Thoughtful Conjugation Design

Selecting the right fluorophore is key to achieving optimal performance. InnoCyto helps you choose based on:

Excitation/emission spectra compatibility

Photostability and brightness

Instrument and assay compatibility

Using optimized chemistries, we ensure high labeling efficiency and preserved biomolecule activity.

Custom Conjugation Services

At InnoCyto, we deliver high-quality, efficient, and cost-effective fluorescent conjugation services tailored to your research needs. Our team ensures each conjugate meets the highest standards of purity, signal strength, and stability.

Our capabilities include:

Conjugation of diverse fluorophores to antibodies, proteins, or other biomolecules
Dual labeling with fluorophores and oligonucleotides for multi-modal detection
Small-molecule dyes: FITC, Alexa Fluor®, Cy dyes, and others
Fluorescent protein labels: GFP, RFP, R-PE, B-PE, APC, PerCP, and tandem derivatives
Custom fluorophore conjugation to your specific biomolecule targets

Applications

Our fluorophore-conjugated antibodies and proteins support a wide range of workflows, including:

Immunofluorescence (IF) – Visualize protein localization within cells or tissues

Flow Cytometry – Quantify surface or intracellular markers

Western Blotting – Detect proteins via fluorescent secondary antibodies

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) – Study expression patterns in tissues

ELISA & Multiplex Assays – Enable high-throughput, multi-analyte detection

Live Cell Imaging – Track cellular dynamics in real time

Oligonucleotide Conjugation

Precise Biomolecule Labeling for Genomic and Proteomic Integration

Oligonucleotide conjugation involves covalently attaching short DNA or RNA sequences to biomolecules such as antibodies, proteins, peptides, or microbeads. This powerful technique bridges molecular biology and proteomics, enabling highly specific detection, amplification, and multiplexed analysis across research and diagnostic applications.

Design of Oligonucleotide Conjugates

InnoCyto’s conjugation strategies are tailored to your experimental goals, ensuring specificity, stability, and reproducibility. Our workflow includes:

Oligonucleotide Selection – Designing or selecting sequences complementary to your target of interest
Optimized Conjugation Chemistry – Covalently coupling oligonucleotides to antibodies, proteins, or particles with high efficiency
Optional Dual Labeling – Adding fluorophores or reporter molecules for enhanced visualization or multiplex detection

Custom Oligonucleotide Conjugation Services

At InnoCyto, we combine advanced chemistries with deep expertise to deliver reliable, high-quality oligonucleotide conjugates. Each conjugate is rigorously purified to remove unbound components and validated for performance in downstream applications.

Our capabilities include:

Conjugation of oligonucleotides to antibodies or proteins for enhanced detection assays
Dual labeling with fluorophores and oligonucleotides for integrated protein and nucleic acid analysis
Oligonucleotide-to-bead conjugation for target capture, enrichment, or separation
Custom labeling of specialized biomolecules upon request

Applications

Oligonucleotide conjugates enable powerful analytical and discovery workflows, including:

Enhanced Target Detection – Signal amplification in immunoassays and molecular diagnostics

DNA/RNA Detection – Identification of specific nucleic acid sequences in genotyping and infectious disease testing

Cellular Imaging and Tracking – Visualize and trace proteins or cells in live imaging studies

ELONA (Enzyme-Linked Oligonucleotide Assay) – Combine antibody specificity with oligonucleotide amplification for sensitive analyte detection

Multiplexing and Assay Development – Detect multiple targets using unique oligonucleotide tags

Single-Cell Sequencing – Enable cell-specific tagging and transcriptomic profiling in scRNA-seq workflows

Biotin & Streptavidin Conjugation

High-Affinity Labeling for Reliable Detection and Capture

Biotin and streptavidin conjugation is one of the most robust and versatile systems used in biomolecular assays. Biotin, a small vitamin-like molecule, can be covalently attached to proteins, antibodies, peptides, or nucleic acids. Streptavidin, a tetrameric protein with exceptionally high affinity for biotin, is then used for detection, amplification, or purification - forming one of the strongest non-covalent interactions in nature.

Design of Biotin & Streptavidin Conjugates

Our conjugation strategies are designed to maximize binding efficiency and assay performance:

Biotin Labeling – Covalently attach biotin to proteins or antibodies for sensitive detection and capture applications

Streptavidin Conjugation – Couple streptavidin to microbeads or solid supports for purification, isolation, or signal amplification

Customized Pairing – Configure biotin and streptavidin conjugates to fit your assay format or workflow requirements

Custom Conjugation Services

At InnoCyto, we offer tailored biotin and streptavidin conjugation services to meet diverse research and diagnostic needs. Using optimized chemistries and strict quality control, we ensure each conjugate delivers consistent performance, high specificity, and stable binding.

Our capabilities include:

Labeling biotin to antibodies, proteins, or nucleic acids
Conjugating streptavidin to microbeads, fluorophores, or enzymes (e.g., HRP, AP)
Custom biotin–streptavidin pair design for specialized detection or purification workflows
Integration with dual labeling or fluorescent conjugation strategies for multiplexed applications

Applications

Biotin–streptavidin conjugation supports a wide range of experimental and diagnostic assays, including:

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) & Immunofluorescence (IF) – Use biotinylated antibodies with streptavidin-based detection for clear visualization of protein targets

Western Blotting – Employ streptavidin-HRP or streptavidin-AP for amplified signal detection

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) – Detect biotin-labeled DNA/RNA probes using fluorescent streptavidin conjugates

ELISA – Achieve sensitive, specific signal detection with biotinylated antibodies and streptavidin-enzyme conjugates

Flow Cytometry & Cell Sorting – Label surface markers with biotinylated antibodies and detect with streptavidin-fluorophores

Affinity Purification – Capture and isolate biotinylated proteins, peptides, or nucleic acids with streptavidin-coated supports

Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Conjugation

Enzymatic Labeling for Signal Amplification

HRP conjugation involves linking horseradish peroxidase, an enzyme, to another molecule, often a biomolecule or a probe. This conjugation is commonly employed in various assays and techniques for detection and visualization purposes.

Design of HRP Conjugation

Target Molecule Selection – based on the application (e.g., antibodies for immunoassays, proteins, or nucleic acids)

HRP Activation for Conjugation – Suitable functional groups are engineered onto the surface

HRP Conjugate Purification – Unconjugated molecules are removed, and the desired specificity is ensured

Custom Oligonucleotide Conjugation Services

InnoCyto offer specialized custom services for Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugation tailored to meet your unique research and experimental needs. Our team of dedicated experts provide high-quality conjugation solutions, ensuring precise and efficient binding of HRP to biomolecules or nanoparticles.

Our capabilities include:

Labeling HRP to antibodies or proteins.

Applications

HRP conjugates enable powerful analytical and discovery workflows, including:

Immunoassays – Assays like ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) for detecting the presence of specific antigens using colorimetric, chemiluminescent, or fluorometric detection methods

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Immunocytochemistry (ICC) – for visualizing the localization of specific proteins in tissues or cells using colored or fluorescent signals in microscopy

Western Blotting – detect primary antibodies bound to target proteins using chemiluminescent or colorimetric readouts

In Situ Hybridization (ISH) – to detect specific nucleic acid sequences in cells or tissues, allowing for the visualization of gene expression patterns

Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSpot (ELISpot) Assays – Used for quantifying the number and frequency of cytokine-secreting cells

Particle Bead Conjugation

Versatile Platforms for Target Capture, Separation, and Detection

Particle bead conjugation enables the attachment of biomolecules—such as antibodies, proteins, oligonucleotides, or small molecules—to microbeads. These functionalized beads serve as powerful tools for biomarker detection, molecular capture, purification, and multiplexed assay development.

Design of Particle Bead Conjugates

InnoCyto’s bead conjugation strategies are tailored for precision, stability, and consistent performance. Our process typically includes:

Bead Selection – Choose magnetic or polystyrene microbeads in the size and surface chemistry suited to your application
Biomolecule Coupling – Covalently or non-covalently attach antibodies, proteins, or other ligands to the bead surface
Purification – Thorough washing and validation to ensure removal of unbound materials and uniform bead performance

Custom Conjugation Services

We deliver high-quality custom bead conjugation services optimized for research, diagnostic, and biomanufacturing applications. Our expertise ensures efficient binding, strong stability, and reproducible assay results.

Our capabilities include:

Conjugation of antibodies to beads for immunocapture or immunoprecipitation
Coupling streptavidin to microbeads for biotin-based separations
Labeling oligonucleotides to beads for nucleic acid isolation and hybridization assays
Custom bead functionalization with proteins, peptides, or small molecules

Applications

Conjugated beads provide a flexible and scalable platform for many bioanalytical uses, including:

Immunoprecipitation (IP) & Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) – Capture target proteins or protein complexes for interaction studies

Cell Sorting & Flow Cytometry – Label and isolate cell populations using antibody-conjugated beads

Magnetic Bead Separation – Use magnetic beads for rapid, selective purification of target molecules or cells

Solid-Phase Assays (e.g., ELISA) – Employ bead-based capture for sensitive biomarker detection

Nucleic Acid Purification – Bind and isolate DNA or RNA using coated magnetic beads

Multiplexed Assay Development – Functionalize distinct bead types for simultaneous multi-target detection

Get Started

Enhance your research with InnoCyto’s Custom Conjugation Services - where precision meets performance.

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